PHYTOECDYSTEROIDS. STRUCTURE, BIOLOGICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
Keywords:
phytoecdysteroid, ecdysteroid, ecdysone, 20-hydroxyecdysteroid, Serratula coronata.Abstract
Phytoecdysteroids include a large group of biologically active plant steroids with a structure similar to insect molting hormones. Phytoecdysteroids are distributed in plants as secondary metabolites that protect against phytophagous (plant-feeding) insects. When insects eat plants containing these chemicals, they rapidly dissolve and undergo metabolic destruction; the insects will eventually die. In terms of chemical structure, ecdysteroids are a group of polyhydroxylated ketosteroids similar to androgens. The carbon skeleton of ecdysteroids is called cyclopentaneperhydrophenanthrene and has a β side chain at carbon 17. The main characteristics of ecdysteroids are the cis-(5β-H) coupling of the A and β rings, the 7-ene-6-chromophore and the trans-(14α-OH) coupling of the C and D rings.
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